Organizational structure was considered a matter of choice . . . When in the 1930s, the rebellion began that came to be known as human relations theory, there was still not a denial of the idea of structure as an artifact, but rather an advocacy of the creation of a different sort of structure, one in which the needs, knowledge, and opinions of employees might be given greater recognition . " However, a different view arose in the 1960s, suggesting that the organizational structure is " an externally caused phenomenon, an outcome rather than an artifact ."